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Colorectal and Anal Cancer

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About

Colorectal cancer starts in the colon or rectum, which are parts of the large intestine. Anal cancer starts in the anus, which is the opening at the end of the rectum through which stool leaves the body.

Symptoms

The symptoms of cancer can vary depending on the stage. Common symptoms include:

  • Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer
  • Changes in Bowel Habits
  • Bleeding in the stool
  • Cramps or pain in the abdomen
  • Weakness and Fatigue
  • Unintended Weight Loss
  • Iron Deficiency Anemia
  • Symptoms of Anal Cancer
  • Anal Bleeding
  • Anal Pain
  • Anal Discharge
  • Anal Itching
  • Lump or Mass

Causes

The risk factors of colorectal and anal cancer may include one or more of these causes:

  • Family History and Genetics
  • Polyps
  • Lifestyle Factors
  • A diet high in red and processed meats and low in fiber
  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
  • Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection
  • Receptive anal intercourse can increase the risk of HPV infection and subsequently anal cancer
  • Weakened Immune System

Diagnosis

  • Screening tests: Colonoscopy
  • Imaging tests: CT scans and MRI scans
  • Biopsy
  • Staging

Treatment

  • Surgery
  • Chemotherapy
  • Radiation therapy
  • Targeted therapy
  • Immunotherapy

Our Colorectal and Anal Cancer Specialists

Sheshank Mahajan

Dr. Sheshank Mahajan

Consultant: Surgical Oncology

MBBS, MS, Mch-Surgical Oncology

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FAQs


Yes, while colorectal cancer is more common in older adults, there has been an alarming increase in cases among young adults under 50 years old. This trend has prompted updated screening recommendations for earlier detection.


Yes, a diet high in fibre (from fruits, vegetables, and whole grains) and low in red and processed meats has been associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer. Calcium and vitamin D intake may also play a protective role.


Yes, HPV vaccines such as Gardasil and Cervarix can protect against the types of HPV (human papillomavirus) that are linked to anal cancer. Vaccination is recommended for both males and females before they become sexually active.

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